Anemia: Cause,Symptom,Management & Treatment- Digitaldairies360
What is Anemia ?
Defined as a condition characterized by the presence of diminished Hb or RBC or Both in an individual with age and sex.
Clinically classified as -
•Mild
•Moderate
•Severe
Normal Value of Hb in Blood is 14-16 gm% in adult in Male.Clinically, a patient with Hb <12-13 gm% is considered anemia.
Pathology Classified as-
• Hemolytic anemia
• Iron deficiency anemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Aplastic anemia
CAUSES:
The body needs red blood cells to survive. They carry hemoglobin, a complex protein that contains iron molecules. These molecules carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Some diseases and conditions can result in a low level of red blood cells.
• Talking to your Doctor about any changes symptoms.
• Following the Health diet
Defined as a condition characterized by the presence of diminished Hb or RBC or Both in an individual with age and sex.
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| Fig: Anemia blood cells |
Clinically classified as -
•Mild
•Moderate
•Severe
Normal Value of Hb in Blood is 14-16 gm% in adult in Male.Clinically, a patient with Hb <12-13 gm% is considered anemia.
Pathology Classified as-
• Hemolytic anemia
• Iron deficiency anemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Aplastic anemia
CAUSES:
The body needs red blood cells to survive. They carry hemoglobin, a complex protein that contains iron molecules. These molecules carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Some diseases and conditions can result in a low level of red blood cells.
There are many types of anemia, and there is no single cause. It can sometimes be difficult to pinpoint the exact cause.
- Certain drugs, for example, some antibiotics
- Snake or Spider venom
- Toxins produced through advanced kidney or liver disease
- An autoimmune attack, for instance, because of hemolytic disease
- Vascular grafts and prosthetic heart valves
- Clotting disorders
- Enlargement of the spleen
- Infections
SYMPTOMS:
The most common symptom of all types of anemia is a feeling of fatigue and a lack of energy.
Other common symptoms may include:
- paleness of skin
- shortness of breath
- headache
- light-headedness
- Fast or irregular heartbeat
- Chest pain
- Aplastic anemia: fever, frequent infections, and skin rashes.
- Folic acid deficiency anemia: irritability, diarrhea, and a smooth tongue.
- Hemolytic anemia: jaundice, dark colored urine, fever, and abdominal pains.
- Sickle cell anemia: painful swelling of the feet and hands, fatigue, and Jaundice
- Anemia caused by decreased production or production of faulty red blood cells
- Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells
• Anemia Cause by blood loss
TYPES OF ANEMIA ?
TYPES OF ANEMIA ?
Types of anemia within these categories include:
1) Sickle cell anemia
2) Iron deficiency anemia
3) Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
4) Parnicious anemia
1) Sickle cell anemia
2) Iron deficiency anemia
3) Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
4) Parnicious anemia
RISK FACTORS:
- Childbirth and Pregnancy
- Being born preterm baby.
- Having a diet that is low in ( vitamin,mineral, and iron etc).
- losing blood from surgery or injury
- Very Long-term and serious illness, (AIDs, DM, kidney disease,CA, Rheumatoid arthritis, Heart failure, and liver disease).
- Being age one or two years.
- H/O of inherited anemias, such as (Sickle cell anemia).
- Intestine disorders-affects to absorption nutrition.
TREATMENT:
1)Iron deficiency anemia: Iron supplements or dietary changes. If the condition is due to loss of blood, the bleeding must be found and stopped.
2)Vitamin deficiency anemias: Treatments include dietary supplements and B-12 vitamin.
3)Thalassemia Treatment includes folic acid supplementation, removal of the spleen, and, sometimes, blood transfusions and bone marrow transplants.
4)Anemia of chronic disease: This is anemia associated with a serious, chronic underlying condition. There are no specific treatments, and the focus is on the underlying condition.
5)Aplastic anemia: The patient will receive blood transfusions or bone marrow transplants.
6 )Sicklecell anemia: Treatment includes O2 therapy, pain relief, and intravenous fluids. There may also be antibiotics, folic acid supplements, and blood transfusions. A cancer drug known as Droxia or Hydrea is also used.
7)Hemolytic anemias: Patients should avoid medication that may make it worse and they may receive immunosuppressant drugs and treatment for infections. Plasmapheresis, or blood-filtering, might be necessary in some cases.
1)Iron deficiency anemia: Iron supplements or dietary changes. If the condition is due to loss of blood, the bleeding must be found and stopped.
2)Vitamin deficiency anemias: Treatments include dietary supplements and B-12 vitamin.
3)Thalassemia Treatment includes folic acid supplementation, removal of the spleen, and, sometimes, blood transfusions and bone marrow transplants.
4)Anemia of chronic disease: This is anemia associated with a serious, chronic underlying condition. There are no specific treatments, and the focus is on the underlying condition.
5)Aplastic anemia: The patient will receive blood transfusions or bone marrow transplants.
6 )Sicklecell anemia: Treatment includes O2 therapy, pain relief, and intravenous fluids. There may also be antibiotics, folic acid supplements, and blood transfusions. A cancer drug known as Droxia or Hydrea is also used.
7)Hemolytic anemias: Patients should avoid medication that may make it worse and they may receive immunosuppressant drugs and treatment for infections. Plasmapheresis, or blood-filtering, might be necessary in some cases.
MANAGEMENT:
While some types of anemia are short term and mild, others can last throughout a lifetime.There are several ways to help management anemia, including -
• Washing your hand often to avoid infection.- Exercise regularly and daily.
• Talking to your Doctor about any changes symptoms.
• Following the Health diet
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